Every year throughout the months of November and December, there is a spike in the number of falls or near falls reported by my class participants. In the spirit of hopefully reducing the chances of falling, here are the most common reported causes gathered from the many stories I have heard.
Moving Fast:
Moving quickly is a very common cause of falling. When moving quickly we tend to miss things like tripping hazards and other subtle sensory cues that tell us that we are unstable. Also, when we move fast, it takes more strength and control to stop or change direction, especially if it happens suddenly.
No Free Hand:
When both hands are occupied, it is more difficult to balance and often impossible to grab on to something for stability. Holding bulky objects may also limit the visual field.
When a person loses balance while holding objects, the dominant tendency is to hold on to the objects rather than to release them.
Low levels of Light:
It gets dark earlier in the winter, especially with the end of daylight savings time. Due to the holidays, we may find ourselves out more at night.
Visual information is a very important part of our balance control. With less visual information in dark surroundings, we are more at risk for a loss of balance. Slowing down can help increase balance control in the dark.
Distractions and Hazards:
Distractions alter concentration and sensory perception which in turn alters balance. All of the following factors can increase the risk of falling:
- Strong emotions such as grief, anger, depression, and anxiety may distract our attention.
- Impetuous behaviors, often inspired by celebratory substances, can alter judgment and cause a person to exceed physical limits for control.
- FATIGUE – this is a big factor for increasing the risk of falling, especially combined with rushing.
- Poor sleep alters balance.
- Clutter in stores, especially items close to the ground. Crowded aisles and loud startling sounds can catch us unaware.
- Glare from bright lights and reflections off of shiny surfaces can distract the eyes.
- Unfamiliar surroundings which require more concentration and visual attention in order to avoid tripping hazards can increase fatigue.
- Rambunctious kids and animals can catch us off guard.
- Liquid spills on hard surfaces such as tile and wood can be difficult to see.
- Clothing that limits visibility (hats) and shoes that alter balance (high heels), can interfere with normal movement and balance control.
- Exposed electrical cords for holiday displays are a big tripping hazard.
WHAT CAN WE DO?
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Be aware of the surroundings, Be conscious of our bodies, and Be sensitive to limits.
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Slow down.
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Be assertive. Ask for help if needed. Be extra cautious when tired, sleepy, or experiencing strong emotions.
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